Boosting Debiasing: Benefits of Animated Videos on Training Efficacy
Résumé
Popular dual-process theories often attribute unwarranted heuristic responses to the intuitive system (System 1). However, recent debiasing studies have shown that a text explanation about the correct solution strategy to a reasoning task can help people to reason more accurately, as early as the intuitive stage. In these studies, a non-neglectable group of reasoners remain biased. There is strong empirical evidence that learning outcomes are improved by presenting the learner with verbal and pictorial information in a coordinated way (the so-called ‘‘multimedia principle’’). Hence, in the present work we designed video debiasing interventions. To do so, we adapted the text explanation in animated videos, with a voice-over. We included only relevant information to avoid increasing extrinsic cognitive load. We used a two-response paradigm in which participants first gave an initial intuitive response, under time pressure and cognitive load, and then gave a final response after deliberation. Results showed that video training significantly improved both intuitive and deliberate reasoning performance. This effect was robust, persisted after two months, and offers a glimpse into the noteworthy benefits (e.g., short, maximizing learning, easily scalable) that video debiasing interventions can provide.
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